Abstract
It is clear that the first urbanization occurred during 2600 to 1900 BCE. The people were living in spacious compound, double storied buildings, and bathrooms with covered drains to maintain the hygienic conditions. The cities were functioning with highly complex socioeconomic system. They had distant trade and a system to control over the technology and to assign value for exotic commodities pouring into core areas as well as the periphery. This paper focuses on the settlements located in peripheral zone along a River named Hakra flowing parallel to the Mighty Indus. The Hakra, after crossing Cholistan entered into the Thar Desert and flowed along the western skirts desert. It is true that the Hakra River was not as mightier as was the Indus River but still carried sufficient water for the navigation of small boats. Within the catchment of this River at least 80 sites were recorded. Among which, a total of 24 sites were associated with the Mature Indus period. In this paper, the settlements named as the Moor Gachi, Ghob, Poongar Bhanbhro, Saran Waro and Deh Garher all located within catchments of Hakra River. These sites had interaction with settlements of Indus Plains; Cholistan and Harappa in North and settlements of Gujarat in South east and the settlements in Baluchistan and Persian Gulf As well.